133 points matthieu_bl 2 hours ago 48 comments

metalcrow 1 hour ago | parent

> a weight file you can’t trust is still a black box

Important to note, LLMs are still black boxes even if you use a more open source model, I.e open training data or even if you train it yourself!

ticulatedspline 1 hour ago | parent

I prefer leaning on Hanlon's razor for things like this, though even in ignorance the effect can be real and dangerous. That said I would not put any model from any country past an "Order 66" kind of thing

https://starwars.fandom.com/wiki/Order_66

minitech 1 hour ago | parent

Linking a reasonable way to create a necessary RAM disk rootlessly with namespaces to kernel exploits that involve namespaces seems like a massive reach.

ekidd 1 hour ago | parent

Yeah, this particular example was pretty sketchy on Cohere's part. Unsharing a namespace like that is a pretty standard way to safely do things that would otherwise require root.

Yes, this exposes some root-level kernel features to ordinary users in a restricted way, and yes, those features sometimes have security bugs that aren't visible to users outside a namespace.

But nothing that model was described as doing seemed particularly sketchy? At least not from the information we were given? It was using a normal kernel operation that I used regularly, not trying find a kernel exploit?

So that part of the article left a bad taste in my mouth.

peddling-brink 8 minutes ago | parent

But that was the whole article. Their exfiltration of data to Beijing, wasn’t. And it was told to build something to monitor against exfiltration attempts, shouldn’t it try one? It wasn’t sensitive data, it wasn’t even data, it was a test string. Everything they described was very benign.

Should the model have asked for an endpoint to test against? Probably yes, but this is not a very large model and the largest frontier models regularly do things like that without asking me.

armcat 1 hour ago | parent

> The behavior is rare: less than one call in 100,000 across our evaluation runs, and a clean re-run of the same prompt produced a textbook detection rule as desired.

It's great that they caught this as it highlights the need for better sandboxing and guardrails. Not sure if this was bad intent from the model - the rarity of it feels more like some residue in the training data.

cs702 1 hour ago | parent

> less than one call in 100,000 across our evaluation runs

It's not that surprising, given that these models generate each new token by sampling from a context-determined probability distribution.

If you run the same prompt repeatedly many times, it becomes increasingly probable that a tiny percent of the generated sequences will go off in, ahem, unusual directions.

osiris970 1 hour ago | parent

The model did exactly what they asked it to? It wrote a detection rule for malicious curl commands, then attempted to test it

amilios 5 minutes ago | parent

yeah, i saw this as well. it seems like in the worst case it's a leak of an internal URL seen during RLVR training or something along these lines. Doesn't seem particularly malicious.

verdverm 1 hour ago | parent

one time in 100k? Extrapolating to fear mongering or content marketting, makes me less open to whatever they have to sell

Ai bots do stuff like this because of their training to be incessant task completers, at any cost. The current models are spaghetti throwers because the trainers want to let go of the wheel.

Would be nice if there was a model trainer that still believes humans in the loop is a good thing. Stop at ambiguity, ask questions, don't do hacky things just to get the assumed task outcome

dsign 1 hour ago | parent

Why does this article read like good, honest, working-class astroturfing?

1334k-asnb 1 hour ago | parent

To be fair, they openly want you to buy their "private" AI solutions:

https://cohere.com/private-deployments

Their North model has an even more obnoxious writing style than ChatGPT and Claude (yes, they claim partly human authorship at the bottom, but all the historical digressions are obviously AI).

hgoel 1 hour ago | parent

Interesting report, qwen3.8-fn does seem pretty prone to hallucinating user inputs and I recall the posts about attempting to access non-existent alibaba cloud urls too. Haven't tried the other models in the gen to know if they're all like that.

To me it feels a bit extreme to jump to nefarious reasoning from this, but I think the overall conclusion is fair, nefarious or not, this would still be something certain users would need to be aware of. I wonder what the solution would be though... besides requiring all network access to be user approved?

throwa356262 1 hour ago | parent

So it begins. First Chinese providers were evil and should not be trusted, next Chinese models are dangerous and must be avoided.

I had a closed LLM push a sensitive local project to a github repo for the world to see in direct violation of my instructions. LLMs are dumb and unpredictable, run them enough times and at least one instance will do something stupid and dangerous.

dgellow 57 minutes ago | parent

> LLMs are dumb and unpredictable, run them enough times and at least one instance will do something stupid and dangerous.

This. The concerning thing is how many engineers do not understand the implications

anramon 28 minutes ago | parent

>run them enough times and at least one instance will do something stupid and dangerous

Which is exactly what they did.

lnenad 1 hour ago | parent

I've had a bad situation with a model adding a space between parameters `rm -rf ~/ folder` and nuking a portion of my homedir. This was of course running out of sandbox since I'm a fool, but lesson learned and I immediately implement sandboxes with nono and it's always fun to see the data after the agent session is complete, I've seen some weird things/URLs appearing. I've attributed it mostly to omp telemetry n' stuff but I'll try to be more careful about that as well in the future.

AspireOne 57 minutes ago | parent

Do you remember details about the rm -rf ~/ folder thing? Model, harness (omp?), context window size, reasoning effort (none/low VS anything higher is enough), when it happened?

Without those details, it's an interesting cautionary tale and a valid anecdote, but as actual practical datapoint, it's useless.

lnenad 51 minutes ago | parent

Yes of course, it's burned into my mind lol. Local GLM5.3-Flash, 4.0bpw running on a tuned exllamav3 server via omp, max effort 256k ctx. It was trying to cleanup after itself by deleting some temporary files it left behind the sweet thing. I look at it like a child so I take the full blame for the situation, and again, it's a learning experience.

hgoel 26 minutes ago | parent

Out of curiosity do you happen to use a shell other than bash? I've noticed that all models, both local and cloud ones, tend to make much more mistakes if using, say, zsh. It is a frequent source of frustration for me.

ytxm 1 hour ago | parent

This is the first OMG-security AI article that sat well with me. They don't overcook their claim, they simply document something that happened, and what happened is genuinely quite concerning.

But we already have safeguards for this. If compute has access to your private data, it shouldn't have unfettered access to the Internet. Sandboxes like Claude's have had rules like this baked in forever (they only whitelist package repos AFAIK).

From a UI perspective this is also easy to design around. You need an open Internet task, you prevent the task from reading existing files. The user tries to upload a file to such a task, and a prominent warning explains the rare but possible risk.

armcat 1 hour ago | parent

Completely agree, it's quite objectively and well written. I noticed Musk slipped into their X comments with a "concerned" emoji, and there is a chance that this will cause bit of hysteria and add fuel to the fire for "open models are bad for your health".

f1ay 54 minutes ago | parent

Yeah, I felt like this was evenhanded, especially for a vendor article.

peddling-brink 13 minutes ago | parent

They asked it for a detection against exfiltration attempts. Sending a test file out to the Internet sure looks like testing an exfiltration detection.

They claim that it read the DNS records and what was in tmp first. Again, all things that would be very reasonable to do when designing building and testing an exfiltration detection system out of tmp. It did not try and send the contents of the computer to Beijing.

This claim is absolutely overcooked.

porridgeraisin 1 hour ago | parent

This just seems like it's overfit to their RL environment, conditioned on the rather specific prompt they gave. Dressing it up this way feels like a marketing article for, probably, their sovereign AI product.

4ndrewl 1 hour ago | parent

"explicitly stated that zero tools would be triggered"

When are people going to stop anthropomorhizing these things and accept that they're bullshit machines?

Often useful, sometimes wrong, the words exist outside of any notion of ethics, or truth.

pizza234 1 hour ago | parent

> When are people going to stop anthropomorhizing these things and accept that they're bullshit machines?

Well, anthropomorhizing is actually a fitting way of thinking AIs: they lie like humans do.

4ndrewl 1 hour ago | parent

They don't! They may appear to make untruthful statements, but they're making them without any reference to a concept of truth.

"make no mistakes"

orbital-decay 1 hour ago | parent

By that logic you can't trust any model, neither trained by Cohere nor trained by yourself from scratch, because it's pretrained on public data that might easily be poisoned on purpose, and it's impossible to ensure 100% safety of your post-training set either. Which is not wrong and it's not even a hypothetical, a ton of people are constantly trying to poison the web in novel ways and feed it to your crawler. That's just the reality of working with gigantic datasets, you can never have full insight into them.

By the way who are they? They claim tracking provenance of training data and poisoning detection, which everybody does. Why should I trust them and not Alibaba? Because they're marketing themselves to be "sovereign" to Canada? "Globally sovereign" is an oxymoron. (that was a rhetorical question, I know who they are of course)

sjdh76 1 hour ago | parent

So just like working with People :) You might have a Snowden, Mark Felt, Jeff Wigand etc working with you everyday.

verdverm 50 minutes ago | parent

Just like would imply intent, most of us are chalking this up to the non-determinism, Ai has no intent

cyanydeez 30 minutes ago | parent

yeah, but AI has circumstance and context, just like humans.

We can randomly take anyone and give them context and circumstance, and predict pretty well what they'd do.

Now trolley problems do exist and models won't be very predictable, but we can also find groups of people who have establish biases via long running training programs and viola! They suddenly have very predictable behaviors.

There's a reason places like russia, north korea, sub sarharan africa continue along least-progressive paths even though there's plenty of information that suggests they can do better.

Regardless: there will be models made that will tend to exfiltrate your data if not already. People think Meta's Muse is very curious about all your stuff when it's probably just designed to take in as much context as possible. Just takes a malware avicianodos to dose that wil a LORA that post-trains the model to "accidently" search for answers on some reverse-honeypot.

datsci_est_2015 14 minutes ago | parent

Except instead of one defector working with one company, the same defector is working with all companies.

So not like working with people at all.

dcrazy 52 minutes ago | parent

> By that logic you can't trust any model

Correct!

dofm 23 minutes ago | parent

> By that logic you can't trust any model, neither trained by Cohere nor trained by yourself from scratch, because it's pretrained on public data that might easily be poisoned on purpose

Yes. Even if it's poisoned training data, RLHF fuckups, or something more malignant: the model, wherever it comes from, is in your supply chain and it makes you more vulnerable.

As much as I doubt that Alibaba have any great interest in global espionage, and this is much more likely to just be a consequence of being trained on Alibaba's own products, the fact is there is a geopolitical dynamic here.

semiquaver 1 minute ago | parent

This is an absolutely insane deflection. To be clear here, the accusation is that the Chinese communist party intentionally engineered malicious secret loyalties into Qwen3.8-Flash-Next. To compare that with “ordinary” misalignment is shocking.

colingauvin 1 hour ago | parent

Of course we'd have no idea if Claude or ChatGPT were doing this because we can't see their stream of thought.

dgellow 55 minutes ago | parent

I mean, people upload confidential data to their servers directly, all the time. They don’t need a backdoor

pizzafeelsright 1 hour ago | parent

I am guessing this has been going on for 2+ years as I have seen some strange happenings in trace logs.

Havoc 1 hour ago | parent

I guess Alibaba is just using their live cloud for the RL agentic training instead of using a sandbox duplicate infra.

Still problematic but this doesn't really read like a backdoor to me.

hansvm 1 hour ago | parent

These are trained on a heavily doctored version of the public internet. The public internet has plenty of undocumented, uncommented data exfiltration mechanisms hiding in the middle of otherwise normal text or code. I don't think this is that surprising?

umz 49 minutes ago | parent

Thinking rationally about it I think the likelihood of this being something real is close to 0. If your model had even the faintest sniff of a trojan horse doing exfil in the background you'd lose all your enterprise market-share.

The examples they gave strike me as sort of rare black swan behavioural artefacts of RL training or a bug. Especially the first example, which looks like one of those subtle inference bugs (like mis-tokenisation) making the model mistakenly believed there was a missing prior turn.

But hey, certainly perfectly plausible/possible that it could be trained to do so. Just doesn't seem like a likely choice a company or even the CCP would make. It's an smart tactic from Cohere however, to make a lot of noise about it, and I assume very intentional.

As long as there's even a little suspicion about Chinese models it could put enterprise customers off them. Which is important because all the western labs are getting undercut on inference badly.

creatornader 45 minutes ago | parent

This idea of what constitutes a “black box” and at what level of abstraction is very interesting. Take open weights for example - the weights being open affects where you can run inference (you can self-host) and allows you to modify the parameters via fine-tuning, BUT it doesn’t necessarily affect your ability to understand what a model is doing and why. Even when we’re deploying open models on our own infra, our understanding and control over model behavior is still pretty rudimentary.

minimal_action 43 minutes ago | parent

It's just marketing. Meaningless.

hmokiguess 41 minutes ago | parent

Cohere has a lot more to gain from pushing this narrative than anybody else. Looks like they're moving towards a policy maker rather than an innovation lab these days, which is quite sad.

j45 30 minutes ago | parent

What about the claim itself being made?

The article refers to an acquisition they did in this space.

dofm 28 minutes ago | parent

I dunno — they have made a claim and backed it up?

This is a risk with any model (even in situations like this where it's still more likely to be a training error than malignant).

It just tells you that you have to think as carefully about open weights models as you would third party libraries. It's just another supply chain risk, only a bit more probabilistic.

I have enjoyed using Qwen but I do think it's worth bearing in mind that this is at least possible and it might not always be a screwup.

And that's putting aside the risk of all of this happening for more generalised reasons like the training set or RAG results being poisoned.

In practice it's surely most likely that the issue is that this pattern is in many of their own apps and they are doing RL training on their own code.

semiquaver 18 minutes ago | parent

There is no reason this needs to be a he-said-she-said thing. The model is open weights. Cohere should immediately publish their code to deterministically reproduce this on a given checkpoint of this model. Then anyone can verify the claim for themselves.